var global_castle_text = new Array();

global_castle_text["Aberystwyth Castle"] = new Array(
["King Edward I established Aberystwyth Castle and town walls from 1277 to 1289 at the huge cost of \u00A34,300. Building the castle secured dominance over Llywellyn ap Gruffydd, the last prince of an independent Wales before the conquest of Edward I. Owain Glynd\u0175r, a descendant of the Princes of Gwynedd, defeated the small garrison holding the castle in 1404. A treaty with the King of France was signed at Aberystwyth Castle by Owain in 1405, known as the \"Year of the French\" in Wales. He held the castle for a further three years.",
 "A licence to mint coins made of local silver at Aberystwyth Castle was given by King Charles I to Thomas Bushell in 1637. Eight years later, the Civil War results in Cromwell's army besieging the castle. It was destroyed on his orders in 1649."],
[["War and Peace at the Castle","(Plaque)","Ceredigion Museum"]]);

global_castle_text["Acton Burnell Castle"] = new Array(
["Fortified manor house built in the late 13th century by Robert Burnell, Bishop of Bath and Wells, Courtier, Chancellor of England and Diplomat from 1274-92, and for more than thirty years the friend, confidant and advisor of King Edward I. In 1284, Burnell was granted a licence to fortify his manor house and make it into a castle. Of this, only the centerpiece, his own private apartments, survives today as Acton Burnell Castle.",
 "When the king was staying at Acton Burnell in the autumn of 1283 he summoned one of the first Parliaments to be attended by the Commons as well as the Lords. It passed a Law for the regulation of trade which the king signed here at the castle, and which is therefore known as the Statute of Acton Burnell."],
[["Acton Burnell Castle","(Plaque)","English Heritage"]]);

global_castle_text["Barden Tower"] = new Array(
["Soon after the Norman Conquest, Robert de Romille was given the Honour of Skipton which included Barden Forest. Barden Tower became the principle lodge of several built for the administration of the Forest and in it were held the Forests Courts. It was also used as a place of protection when the local inhabitants suffered from raids by the Scots during the 14th century.",
 "Barden Tower was enlarged by Henry, 10th Lord Clifford (the Shepherd Lord) towards the end of the 15th century, preferring to live here rather then his grander castle at Skipton. Lady Anne Clifford repaired the tower in 1658/59 after it became neglected, and in 1715 weapons of the militia were stored here to meet the Jacobite Rebellion."],
[["Barden Tower","(Plaque)","Trustees of the Chatsworth Settlement"]]);

global_castle_text["Bayard's Cove Fort"] = new Array(
["A single storey artillery fort built before 1534 to protect the Dartmouth harbour by Dartmouth Corporation. It has gun ports at ground level and a ruined stair leading to the wall walk. The fort was ideally sited to command the estuary at its narrowest point."],
[["Bayard's Cove Fort","(Plaque)","English Heritage"]]);

global_castle_text["Berry Pomeroy Castle"] = new Array(
["The romantic ruins of Berry Pomeroy Castle stand on a steep wooded hillside above the Gatcombe Brook. The castle was the home of the Pomeroy family from the middle 15th century until 1547, when it was sold to Edward Seymour, Protector of the Realm, uncle and governor of the boy-king Edward VI.",
 "Edward Seymour's son and grandson embarked on an ambitious plan to enlarge the castle, building a fashionable mansion house within the old defences and adding a magnificent new wing with a long gallery and a classical-style loggia. However, by 1701 the site had been abandoned and the ivy-clad remains soon became shrouded in legend. Berry Pomeroy is reputed to be one of the most haunted castles in Britain."],
[["Berry Pomeroy Castle","S Brown","English Heritage"]]);

global_castle_text["Berwick Castle"] = new Array(
["Berwick Castle sits on the north bank of the River Tweed, at the east end of the long-disputed border between Scotland and England. The castle was first recorded in 1160, and once had nine towers and a magnificent array of buildings inside. In 1292 Edward I of England declared John Balliol King of Scotland in the great hall. The castle was then captured by Edward I in 1296 and rebuilt, including the stepped White Wall which runs down to the river.",
 "Berwick Castle was strengthened by Henry VIII in the 16th century with the addition of two semi-circular towers for artillery. One of the towers was built next to the river, and the second can be seen protruding from the castle wall. This tower provided cover for the west face of the castle and also for the White Wall."],
[["Berwick Barracks and Fortifications","D Grove","English Heritage"],
 ["Berwick Castle","(Plaque)","English Heritage"]]);

global_castle_text["Bodiam Castle"] = new Array(
["Considered to be last great castle built in England, Bodiam Castle offered relatively simple defences combined with comfortable living quarters. It was built by Sir Edward Dalyngrigge, a 14th century soldier of fortune, to defend southern England from French invaders. The impressive and beautiful symmetry of Bodiam, with its massive towers and broad moat, appears the very epitome of a medieval castle.",
 "The conventional appreciation of Bodiam Castle is now being challenged. Some scholars now argue that Bodiam was not a serious fortification at all, but a grand house designed with the architectural trappings of defence solely to impress visitors and advertise the knightly class of its owner."],
[["Bodiam Castle","J Goodall","National Trust"],
 ["Bodiam Castle","D Thackray","National Trust"]]);

global_castle_text["Boulougne-Sur-Mer Castle"] = new Array(
["The keep-less castle in Boulougne-Sur-Mer occupies the Northeast Corner of the fortified medieval surroundings. Built at the beginning of the 13th century on an ancient fortification of the 4th century, it has an irregular polygonal form and is made up of nine towers. In the 16th century, an important rampart was erected in front of the original towers of the castle, to allow it to resist artillery fire. The medieval surroundings and the castle reached their current state in the 16th Century.",
 "Searches carried out by the archaeological service of the town have allowed the calculation of the placement of the Boulougne camp and its evolution in later age."],
[["Boulougne-Sur-Mer Chateau-Musee","(Plaque)","Culture Communication Ministere"]]);
//"Boulougne-Sur-Mer Château-Musée","(Plaque)","Culture Communication Ministère"  IE6 crap

global_castle_text["Bridgnorth Castle"] = new Array(
["Built in 1101, on a defensive outcrop overlooking the River Severn, Bridgnorth Castle was a large walled fortress and home to hundreds of people. The builder, Robert de Belesme, was summoned to Henry I in 1102 on charges of cruelty to the castle labourers and plotting to overthrow the king. Robert refused, and Henry's army successfully besieged the castle.",
 "The castle remained a royal property, although guardianship changed hands. It was again besieged in 1155, this time by Henry II who spent much money restoring it and upgrading the keep. The surrender of the castle in the Civil War in 1646 led to its demolition, with the walls pushed into the moat, the gateways torn down and the keep blown up."],
[["Bridgnorth Castle","(Plaque)","Bridgnorth County Council"]]);

global_castle_text["Broughton Castle"] = new Array(
["In about 1300 Sir John de Broughton built his manor house in a sheltered site at the junction of three streams and surrounded it with a substantial moat. William of Wykeham, Bishop of Winchester and Chancellor of England, brought the house in 1377, and later passed ownership to his great-nephew Sir Thomas Wykeham. Sir Thomas obtained a licence to 'crenellate and embattle' in 1406, where he added a battlemented wall to the gatehouse, thus giving the medieval house a military appearance.",
 "Sir William Fiennes, later the second Lord Saye and Sele, married Sir Thomas's granddaughter Margaret in 1448. Broughton has been in the continuous ownership of the same family since 1377."],
[["Broughton Castle","","Beric Tempest"]]);

global_castle_text["Caernarfon Castle"] = new Array(
["Mighty Caernarfon is possibly the most striking medieval monument in Wales. Its sheer scale and commanding presence set it apart from the rest. Begun in 1283 as the definitive chapter of Edward I's conquest of Wales, Caernarfon was constructed not only as military stronghold but also as a seat of government and royal palace.",
 "Caernarfon's unique polygonal towers, intimidating battlements and colour-banded walls were designed to echo Constantinople, the imperial power of Rome and the dream-castle, 'the fairest that ever man saw', of Welsh myth and legend. The castle's symbolic status was emphasized when Edward made sure that his son, the first English Prince of Wales, was born here in 1284."],
[["Great Castles & Historic Attractions","(Leaflet)","Welsh Historic Monuments"],
 ["Caernarfon Castle","A Taylor","Welsh Historic Monuments"]]);

global_castle_text["Compton Castle"] = new Array(
["Dating mainly from the 14th to the 16th centuries, Compton Castle is one of the few fortified houses that have survived without the alterations and additions which usually modify the character of buildings of this antiquity. The dramatic towers and battlements shelter a stone courtyard, medieval great hall, spiral staircase and minstrels' gallery.",
 "Compton has remained for six hundred years in the Gilbert family, illustrating both the responsibilities of property holders under the feudal system, and the romantic era of colonial expansion in the Elizabethan period. Sir Humphrey Gilbert was coloniser of Newfoundland and half-brother to Sir Walter Raleigh."],
[["Compton Castle","","National Trust"]]);

global_castle_text["Dartmouth Castle"] = new Array(
["Standing guard over the entrance to the Dart estuary, Dartmouth Castle was built at a time in the late Middle Ages when the rich merchants of Dartmouth felt the need to protect themselves from attack. When the gun tower was built, in 1481, it was one of the most advanced fortifications in England.",
 "The castle saw action during the Civil War of the 17th century, and was kept on alert during the wars against the Dutch which followed. In the First and Second World Wars it was pressed into active service once again, and guns were installed on the battlements."],
[["Dartmouth Castle","B K Davison","English Heritage"]]);

global_castle_text["Deddington Castle"] = new Array(
["The earth banks are all that is left of the castle of the De Cheney family, who lived here until the castle was demolished in the 14th century.",
 "The De Cheneys built their hall, chapel and keep in the 12th century in one corner of a huge outer enclosure. The builder of this outer bailey is not known, but it may have been Bishop Odo of Bayeux, the half brother of William the Conqueror. There is a third enclosure on the sloping ground beyond the Cheney Castle."],
[["Deddington Castle","(Plaque)","English Heritage"]]);

global_castle_text["Denbigh Castle"] = new Array(
["Denbigh (Dinbych) Castle, crowning a steep hill above the town, enjoys commanding views of the pastoral Vale of Clwyd. The castle, built as part of Edward I's 13th century campaigns against the Welsh, was put up by Henry de Lacy, one of the King's chief commanders. Along with the castle, de Lacy established a new English borough at Denbigh protected by town walls.",
 "The castle fell during the Welsh revolt of 1294, only to be recovered by the English after the collapse of the rebellion. Following the Welsh rising, the castle's construction proceeded on an even grander scale, culminating in the mighty triple-towered Great Gatehouse, its finest feature. Surprisingly extensive fortifications can be seen at Denbigh, including a circuit of town walls almost two thrids of a mile long."],
[["Great Castles & Historic Attractions","(Leaflet)","Welsh Historic Monuments"]]);

global_castle_text["Donnington Castle"] = new Array(
["In 1386 Richard de Abberbury received from Richard II a licence to \"build anew and fortify with stone and lime and crenellate a certain castle on his own land at Donyngton, Berks\". This licence seems to apply to the gatehouse, which was built with portcullis, ditch and drawbridge. The courtyard behind must have been already in existence by 1386. The castle is in a strategic position, built to command the crossing of two important north/south and east/west roads, and it was vital to the King that this junction was controlled by a loyal subject.",
 "During the Civil War the castle was seized by the Royalists who constructed a star shaped earthwork around the castle for additional defence. The castle was besieged by the Parliamentarians in 1644, but held out for twenty months. Much of the castle was destroyed at this time."],
[["Donnington Castle","(Plaque)","English Heritage"]]);

global_castle_text["Hadleigh Castle"] = new Array(
["Hadleigh Castle was built in 1230 by Hubert de Burgh, Chief Justiciar to King John. After the monarch, de Burgh was the most powerful man in the kingdom and he acted as regent when Henry III came to the throne in 1216 at the age of nine. However, he quarrelled with the young king, who attempted to stab de Burgh and then confiscated his castle.",
 "Henry continued the building work and additions were made in the mid 14th century by Edward III. It became the custom for Hadleigh to be granted to a tenant for life. Most notable tenants where three wives of Henry VIII - Catherine of Aragon, Anne of Cleves and Catherine Parr. Edward VI sold the property in 1551."],
[["Hadleigh Castle","(Plaque)","English Heritage"]]);

global_castle_text["Kenilworth Castle"] = new Array(
["Kenilworth Castle was first built in about 1122 in an estate bestowed by King Henry I, with Henry II later taking control to counter an attack from his son. It was then radically enlarged by King John, and later Henry III gave the castle to Simon de Montfort in 1253. The de Montforts turned against the crown in 1266, and the castle was besieged. Just before 1400, the stronghold was transformed into a medieval palace by John of Gaunt, who added the great hall.",
 "Robert Dudley, who held Kenilworth from 1563, restored the ancient castle largely for the benefit of Queen Elizabeth I, creating one of the finest Tudor palaces in England, complete with ornamental pleasure garden and tiltyard. Kenilworth was partially demolished by Parliamentary troops after the Civil War."],
[["Kenilworth Castle","D Renn","English Heritage"]]);

global_castle_text["Lord's Mount"] = new Array(
["Lord's Mount is an artillery bulwark built between 1541 and 1543 at the north-east angle of Berwick's Medieval town walls. It is a massive circular fortification with walls six metres thick. An earth bulwark had been built in 1522, however by 1539, this bulwark needed to be made smaller so that fewer men could guard it.",
 "The lower floor survives, with six casemates for long swivel guns and living accommodation, which included a kitchen with a well and oven, and a latrine. The upper floor, containing the captains apartments, and an upper gun deck for six large guns, were demolished when the Elizabethan defences of Berwick were begun in 1558."],
[["Berwick Barracks and Fortifications","D Grove","English Heritage"],
 ["Lord's Mount","(Plaque)","English Heritage"]]);

global_castle_text["Moreton Corbet Castle"] = new Array(
["Bartholomew Toret is though to have started building the castle in about 1200, of stone, possibly replacing an earlier timber castle. The Torets were an old Saxon family who prospered here under the Norman kings until Bartholomew was thrown in prison by King John in 1215. The castle entered Corbet ownership when Bartholomew's heiress married Richard Corbet in 1239. The keep dates from around the year 1200, with the gatehouse and perimeter wall being built later, both much altered in the mid 16th century.",
 "The Elizabethan Mansion, belonging to a small group of houses built by Elizabeth I's courtiers and diplomats, was completed in 1583. This Royalist defence was tricked into surrender by Parliamentarians during the Civil War in 1644."],
[["Moreton Corbet Castle","(Plaque)","English Heritage"]]);

global_castle_text["Norham Castle"] = new Array(
["A castle was first built at Norham in the 12th century by a Bishop of Durham. The huge bulk of this building stands on a site of great defensive strength overlooking the River Tweed. It was repeatedly attacked and besieged during the 13th and 14th centuries and gained a reputation for being indestructible.",
 "Norham was captured by the Scots three times between 1136 and 1322. In 1513 it was stormed by James IV and largely destroyed. It was later rebuilt to take into account advances in gunpowder artillery. This was when the Great Tower was developed as more of a Tower House than a defensive structure. The remains of the Great Tower can still reveal signs of four building phases spanning the 12th to the 16th centuries."],
[["Norham Castle","A Saunders","English Heritage"]]);

global_castle_text["Okehampton Castle"] = new Array(
["Throughout its life Okehampton Castle, strategically situated in the centre of Devon, was both instrument and symbol of the feudal power of its owners. After the Norman Conquest it provided an awe-inspiring reminder of a newly arrived nobility, as well as a defended home and administrative centre.",
 "Okehampton was a aristocratic residence with a potential military value, but it played no part in any open warfare and was never besieged. The general appearance of the castle as seen today dates from the early 14th century, when it was totally rebuilt by Hugh Courtnay II. The earliest castle, the work of Baldwin de Brionne, Sheriff of Devon, consisted of the motte surrounded with rock-cut ditches."],
[["Okehampton Castle","R A Higham","English Heritage"]]);

global_castle_text["Oxford Castle"] = new Array(
["Oxford Castle is the site of the earliest Norman occupation in the upper Thames area, established to control an important crossing of the River Thames and a strategic, defended Saxon town. It was built for William the Conqueror  by Robert d\'Oilly in 1071 and remained a royal property until 1611.",
 "The first castle was a motte and bailey, with the motte being covered in the 13th century by a groined arched chamber. A ten sided castle keep, first of wood, then of stone, crowned the summit. Stone walls and towers were later added to improve Oxford Castle. The tower, called St George\'s Tower, may have begun as part of the Saxon town defences to match the Saxon tower at the church of St Michael Northgate."],
[["Oxford Castle History and Buildings","www.oxfordshire.gov.uk","Oxfordshire County Council"]]);

global_castle_text["Ratley Castle"] = new Array(
["Ratley Castle is located on the end of a ridge where the visible remains are of a motte and bailey castle. The central motte is enclosed by two stone built embankments that are the baileys. A wooden tower with bridges and removable ramps were erected on the mound. Following the death of Henry I in 1135, powerful Norman landowners fought to establish ownership of valuable farmland.",
 "The de Arden family had this fortification built to protect the labourers and livestock of their tenancy. After establishing order in 1154, Henry II had all such small castles demolished and the stone was used for other buildings in the area."],
[["The Ratley, Edge Hill and Upton Sculpture Trail - AIR","(Plaque)","Unknown"]]);

global_castle_text["Scarborough Castle"] = new Array(
["Perched high on a headland that rises sheer-sided above the North Sea, Scarborough Castle occupies one of the most dramatic castle sites in England. This natural fortress, inhabited for nearly 3000 years, was developed in the 12th century as an important royal castle by Henry II. Its defences were strengthened by later monarchs, and Scarborough Castle played a prominent role in national events throughout the Middle Ages and Tudor times.",
 "A lengthy siege during the Civil War of the 17th century left the great tower of the castle as the magnificent shell which still dominates the skyline today. The defences of Scarborough Castle were most recently assaulted in 1914, when the castle and town were shelled by German warships."],
[["Scarborough Castle","J Goodall","English Heritage"]]);

global_castle_text["Skipsea Castle"] = new Array(
["One of the finest examples of a motte and bailey castle to survive in England. The mound and its enclosure can be seen very clearly. Skipsea Castle was built by about 1086 by Drogo de la Beuviere whose wife was a niece of William the Conqueror. It was destroyed by order of Henry III in 1221. Skipsea Castle was the centre of the lordship of Holderness and sited to control the main landward approach into the Spurn Peninsular, otherwise protected by the marshy valley of the River Hull.",
 "The castle motte is 11m high and had a gatehouse on the south west side. The large bailey, once partly flooded, occupies over 3.2ha. and is defended by a bank and outer ditch."],
[["Skipsea Castle","(Plaque)","English Heritage"]]);

global_castle_text["Totnes Castle"] = new Array(
["Totnes Castle was built in the early years of the Norman Conquest to dominate the Saxon town of Totnes and its acient river crossing over the River Dart. It was almost certainly constructed by Juhel, one of William the Conqueror's commanders in the Norman campaign, which swept through the South-West in 1068.",
 "The original 11th century castle was an earthwork and timber construction, and is a fine example of a motte-and-bailey castle. The Norman timber defences were later replaced in stone. The stone shell keep crowing the monud was first built in the early 13th century, but it was extensively, if not entirely, rebuilt in the late 13th or early 14th century."],
[["Totnes Castle","S Brown","English Heritage"]]);

global_castle_text["Urquhart Castle"] = new Array(
["Urquhart Castle is thought to have been initially built by Alan Durward, the son-in-law of King Alexander II, in around 1230. From the 13th to the 17th centuries the castle was repaired and rebuilt often, with the tower-house dating to the 16th century. Urquhart is sited on a rocky promontory jutting into Loch Ness.",
 "Urquhart witnessed a lot of warlike activity throughout its 500 year history. It figured prominently in the Scots' struggle for independence from England in the 14th century. In the 15th and 16th centuries the castle and glen were frequently raided and plundered, chiefly by the Macdonald lords of the Isles. The castle was last inhabited by government troops during the Jacobite troubles in the 1690s."],
[["Urquhart Castle","C Tabraham, F Stewart","Historic Scotland"]]);

global_castle_text["Warwick Castle"] = new Array(
["The first castle built on the site was a wooden motte and bailey constructed in 1068 at the command of William the Conqueror. Throughout the middle ages, under successive Earls of Warwick, the castle was gradually rebuilt in stone. By the 14th century, it was a towering medieval fortress and the strong hold of the mighty Beauchamp family.",
 "Warwick was attacked in 1264 by John Giffard, Governor of Kenilworth, and in 1469 King Edward VI was briefly held prisoner here during the War of the Roses. The castle was beige in 1642 by royalist troops during the Civil War, and In 1871, was damaged by file. As the castle declined in military importance, the main living quarters were converted into a residence of rich and sumptuous style."],
[["Warwick Castle","","Tussaud's Group"]]);

global_castle_text["Weeting Castle"] = new Array(
["Weeting Castle was built by Hugh de Plais, a tenant of William de Warrene, the Earl of Surrey, in the 1130's. Originally it was designed as a freestanding two-storied building with a lesser hall at ground floor level and a hall and chamber above, a design copied from Warrene's grander house at Castle Acre. In the late 12th century, the upper and lower halls were combined to form an aisled hall which was open to the roof. In the mid 13th century a kitchen was built to the north of the hall and the building was enclosed within the present moat.",
 "The site was abandoned in the late 14th century. An icehouse to the north-west dates to the late 18th century, and belonged to the now demolished Weeting Hall. Excavation has revealed the existence of 10th century settlement below the 12th century buildings."],
[["Weeting Castle","(Plaque)","English Heritage"]]);